Inkomoko y’Amakimbirane hagati y’u Rwanda na Congo/ Uko abari abanyarwanda bisanze k’ubutaka bwa RDC

Amakimbirane hagati y’u Rwanda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) afitanye isano n’amateka y’ubukoloni n’imiterere y’imipaka yashyizweho n’abakoloni, bigatuma abaturage bavuga Ikinyarwanda bisanga ku butaka bwa Congo.

1. Uburyo Abakoloni Baciye Imipaka

Mbere y’uko abakoloni bagabana Afurika, u Rwanda rwari igihugu cyigenga, gifite imipaka yacyo. Nyamara, mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 20, Ababiligi bayoboye u Rwanda na Congo, naho Abadage bari barayoboye u Rwanda mbere yo gutsindwa mu Ntambara ya Mbere y’Isi yose. Nyuma y’iyo ntambara, u Rwanda rwabaye Indagizo y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye riyobowe n’u Bubiligi.

Abakoloni b’Ababiligi bashyizeho imipaka mishya mu 1910, bayikora hashingiwe ku nyungu zabo aho gukurikiza imiterere y’imiryango n’ubwoko bwari busanzwe butuye aho. Icyo gihe, ibice byari bigize u Rwanda, cyane cyane Ubugoyi na Mulenge, byashyizwe ku butaka bwa Congo, naho ibice bimwe bya Bugesera n’Ubunyaruguru bisanga muri Tanzaniya na Uganda.

Ibi byatumye abantu benshi bavuga Ikinyarwanda, bari basanzwe ari abanyarwanda, bisanga bari muri Congo ku butaka butari ubw’abasekuru, bakaza gutekerezwa nk’impunzi cyangwa nk’abenegihugu ba Congo batemewe.

2. Imikorere y’Abakoloni n’Iterambere ry’Abanyarwanda muri Congo

Mu gihe cy’ubukoloni, Ababiligi bagiye bakoresha Abanyarwanda nk’abakozi mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro no mu mirimo y’ubuhinzi mu duce twa Kivu. Ibi byatumye umubare w’Abanyarwanda muri Congo wiyongera, haba abahatujwe ku gahato n’abahajyanye n’amahirwe yo gushakisha imibereho myiza.

Nyuma yo kubona ubwigenge mu 1960, RDC yatangiye politiki yo gutoteza Abanyarwanda bari ku butaka bwayo, cyane cyane Abanyamulenge n’abandi bavuga Ikinyarwanda. Ibi byateye umwuka mubi hagati y’u Rwanda na Congo, kuko abo baturage batemerewe ubwenegihugu kandi bagafatwa nk’abimukira nubwo bari bahamaze ibinyejana.

3. Intambara n’Ubwumvikane Buke Nyuma ya Jenoside

Nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri Mata 1994, u Rwanda rwisanze Congo irimo ibirindiro by’abasize bakoze Jenoside, FDLR, bahungiye yo. Ibi byatumye u Rwanda rwinjira mu ntambara yo gukurikirana abagize uruhare bose, ari byo byatumye haduka intambara za Congo za 1996-1997 n’iya 1998-2003, aho u Rwanda rwashinjwe gushyigikira imitwe yitwaje intwaro ihanganye na Leta ya Congo.

Gusa, nubwo u Rwanda rwavanye ingabo zarwo muri Congo, ikibazo cy’Abanyarwanda bavuga Ikinyarwanda cyane cyane abo mu bwoko bw’abatutsi bakomeje gutotezwa muri Congo cyakomeje gutuma hari ukutumvikana hagati y’ibihugu byombi. Kugeza ubu, umutwe wa M23, uharanira uburenganzira bw’Abanyarwanda bavuga Ikinyarwanda muri Congo, uracyahanganye na Leta ya RDC, ari nako Congo ishinja u Rwanda gutera inkunga uwo mutwe.

4. Umwanzuro

Amakimbirane hagati y’u Rwanda na Congo afite imizi mu mateka y’ubukoloni, aho imipaka yashyizweho ititaye ku baturage bari basanzwe bahatuye. Ibi byatumye hari abaturage bavuga Ikinyarwanda muri RDC, bakomeza gufatwa nk’abanyamahanga kandi barahatuye kuva kera. Uko kutabemerera uburenganzira bwabo bw’ibanze n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro iri mu burasirazuba bwa Congo bikomeje kuba isoko y’amakimbirane atarangira hagati y’ibi bihugu byombi.